Oil spray for carburetors



Dec. 9, 1924. LlM@ P. PLANTINGA OIL SPRAY FOR GARBURETORS Filed Oct. 12,1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l rll Dec. 9, 1924- LSlSfM@ P. PLANTINGA OIL SPRAYFOR CARBURETORS Filed oci. 12, 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Dec. 9,1924.

UNITED -.STATES PAraN v1,518,449 Tj carica.,v

emmen rammen, or CLEVELAND, omo. oIL SPRAY ron. cmuamons Application ledOctober 12, 1921. Serial No. 507,212.

To all whomz't may concern.

Be it 4known that I, PIERRE PLANTINGA, a citizen of the UnitedStatesnresident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio,have invented new and useful Improvements in Oil Sprays for Carburetors,of which the following is a'speciication, the principle of the inventionbeing herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplatedapplying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.g 7

This invention relates to a spraying device which is particularly usefulin connectionl with -carburetors and has for its object to provide aspraying device capable of distri uting the oil in a rain spraythroughout the entire area of the checker brick and so constructed.y asto be capable of withstanding the high temperatures ofv the carburetorchamber. A further object of the invention is to provide a spra nozzlethat will properly distribute the oil at low pressures as well as athigh pressures making it possible to regulate the How of oil by varyingthe pressure under which it is supplied to the nozzle, making itunnecessary to provide adjustable flow regulating means in the nozzle. i

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detailcertain means embodying my invention, the disclosed means, however,constituting but one of tlie various mechanical forms inf which theprinciple of the invention may be applied.

In said annexed drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the preferred form of spray nozzle.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detail view of the discharge portion ofthe nozzle shown in Fig. 1. A v F Fig. 3 is a section on lineYIII-III ofFig. 4 isa sectional detail view similar to Fig. 2 of a slightlymodified lform of nozzl Fig. 5 is a section on line V-V of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is 'a side elevation of the perforated inner nozzle head. Fig. 7is a plan view of the head shown in Fig. 6. A

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of theperforated washer fitting within theinner nozzle head.

-Fig 9 is atop plan view of the washer shown in Fig. 8,.V

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the retaining f.' rinoP for the washer.

ig. 11 is a sectional view of a checker brick carburetor showing thenozzle in side elevation. .f

Fig. 12 is a vertical modified form of nozzle. y

Fig. 13 is a'side elevation ofthe perforated washer disposed in theouter discharge passage of the nozzle shown n Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the washer.Y

shown in Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a side elevation of the perforated washer disposed in the 2inner discharge passage of the'nozzle.

F1g. 16 is a plan viewE of the washer shown in Fi 15.

Fig. 11 o the drawing shows the portion of the gas generating apparatusto which my invention relates. In said figure is shown the carburetorchamber 1, partially filled with checker bricks, and provided with a gaspassage 3 communicating with the gas generator. The top ofthe carburetorchamber 1 has a central o ening 4 communicating. with an upwar yextending casing 5 which communicates with the secondary blast conduit6. Disposed centrally'of the casing 5 is the oil nozzle 7 which issupplied Awith oil an oil pi e 8.

In deliverin oil to a carburetor chamber it is desira le that the oil bedelivered uniformly to al1 parts of the checker brick. The usual typesof spray loz'zles adapted to discharge liquid in a uniform rain spray,however, cannot be used in carburetor chambers for the reason that theirVconstruction is such that they are quickly de stroyed by the intenseheat to which they are` sub'ected; It is necessary that the parts o thenozzle be so constructed as to be free to expand and contract withoutdistortion and without-setting up disru tive stresses therein. For thisreason t e -type of spray nozzle which' has been most commonly used isone of the sin le orifice type in which the oil is discharge through anannular converging orifice 1n the form of a divergin conical streamcommonly called an um rella spray. The nozzle which constitutes thepresent invention is designed to obtain a very uniform distribution ofoil in a rain spray with a nozzle of the umbrella spray producing tsection through l Aand a'dischargel head which will be shown in afterdescribed.

The nozzle discharge head comprises 4an outer casting 12 screwed uponthe lower end of the body member. an inner nozzle head 13` securedwithin the casting 12, Vand a washer member 14 secured within the innerhead 13. The inner nozzle head 13 has a peripheral, flange 15 fittingwithin the upper portion of the casting 12 and resting on an internalshoulder 16 therein. The flange 15 is of slightly greater diameter thanthe threaded lower end of the tubular body member 10 and is clampedbetween the shoulder 16 and the end of the tubular member 6 when thecasting 12 is screwed onto said member. The inner head 13 has aninternal shoulder 17 adapted to receive the peripheral flange 18 of theinner washer 14.

he flange 18 is retained against the shoulder 17 by means of splitretaining ring 19 fitting in a peripheral groove inside the head 13. Thecasting 12 has a converging conical inner surface 20 below the shoulder16 terminating in a restricted central passage 21 and a short conicaldischarge portion flaring outwardly from the passage 2l. The innernozzle head 13 has a converging conical outer surface 23 below theflange 15 the same direction with yres which is concentric with theconical mner surface 20 of the casting 12 when secured]V therein.' Thesurfaces 20 and 23 form be tween them an annular outer dischargeorifice24. The inner surface of the inner nozzle head 13 terminates below theinternal shoulder 17 in a converging conical portion 25 similar to theinner surface 20- of the outer casting. The conical portion 25 terminates in a central flared aperture 26. The inner washer 14 has adepending ste'm with a conical pointed end 27. When the washer 14 issecured within the inner nozzle head the conical point 27 is concentricwith the inner conical surface 25 of the inner nozzle head 13 and formstherewith an inner annnlar discharge orifice 28. 4The peripheral flange15 of the innerhead`13 is `provided with a series of passages 29 allslanting in ct to axial planes. The passage of the oi through theslanting passages 29 imparts a whirling mo- Y tion thereto. Theperipheral flange 1.8 of

the inner washer 14 has similar slanting passages 30 preferably slantingin a direction opposite to that of the passage 29 (as clearly shown inFig. 3) for imparting a whirling motionto the oil in passing through theinner annular orifice 28.

As indicated in Fig. 2am umbrella spray indicated by dotted lines 31 insaid figure is discharged. from the outer annular orifice 24. A secondumbrella spray indicated by the dotted lines 32 is discharged fromtheinncr annular orifice 28. The interference of the two'concentricsprays whirling in opposite directions breaks up the two whirlingannular sprays into a rain spray which delivers oil quite uniformly toall parts oi the checker brick.

The passages 29 and 30 may be arranged to slant in the same direction asshownin Figs. 4 and 5. While the result produced in this case is greatlysuperior to a single umbrella spray the interference between the twosprays is not as great as where the sprays have a whirling motion inopposite directions and the distribution of oil is not as uniform.

In the nozzles heretofore used 'for discharging umbrella sprays, it hasbeen nec.- essary to maintain an oil pressure of from 35 to 40 lbs. inspray. I have found thatthe double umbrella spray disclosed hereinoperates satisfactorily at a pressure as low as 15 lbs. as well as atthe higher pressures. This makes it possible to control the rate of oilfeed by varying thev pressure at which the-oil is delivered tothe nozzlemaking it unnecessary to provide adjustable parts in connection withthenozzle to vary the effective area` of the discharge orifice. Thissimplifies the constructlon ofthe nozzle and greatly lessens theliability' of the nozzle to get outof order v,duringoperation.v

InFigs. 12 to 16 in vlusive I have shown a modified form of nozzle inwhich means are provided for varying the effective area order to providean efficient' of both the inner and outer annular orifices.

Under certain conditions, such as where an unusually large 'variation inthe rate of oil flow is desiredy or where extremely exact regulation isrequired,-regulation of the discharge orifices may be desirable. In thismodification the outer casing 33l has its upper end screwed into a Tcoupling 34 the stem 35 of which is threaded to receive the oil supplypipe. Upon the lower end vof the casing 33 1s screwed a casting 36similar in all respects to the casting 12 shown in Fig. 1. Between theinternal shoulder 37 of the castingv 36 and the lower end of the casing"33 is clamped an annular washer 38 having slanting passages 39 formed bygrooving the inner surface thereof. Slidably fitting within the washer38 is an inner nozzle head 40 having inner and outer conical surfaces atits lower end similar to the inner and outer surfaces 23 and 25 of theinner head 13 shown in Fig. 1. The head 40 is provided at its upper endwith internal screw threads to receive a sleeve 41. `The sleeve41 hasupper and lower apertures 42 and 43 therein to Vpermit free passage ofoil thereinto. The upper end of the ysleeve 41 passes through and hasthreaded engagement with a plug 44? screwed into the upper end of the Tcoupling v34. Above the plug 34 the sleeve 41 has a cap 45 screwedthereon and locked against rotation with respect thereto by a pin 46.The cap 45 carries a hand wheel 47 by means of which the sleeve 41 canbe rotated for vertical adjustment to vary the area of the outer annulardischarge orifice between the castlng 36 and head 40. Between aninternal shoulder 48 inside the head `40 and the lower end of the sleeve41 is clamped to a washer 49 having slanting passages 50 therethrough.Slidably fitting within the washer 49 is a pin 51 having a conical point52 at its lower end. The upper end of the pin '51 has threadedengagement with Athe cap 45 and carries a hand wheel 53 at its upper endby means of which the pin 5l maybe adjusted vertically to vary theeffective area ofthe inner discharge orifice. The operation of theadjustable nozzle shown in Figs. 12 to 16 is similar to that of themodification previously described. v

What I claim 1s: 1. A spray nozzle comprising a body 1 portion havlng anouter converging wa ter- , minating in an outwardly flaring Wall' ofconsiderable depth, a second wall spaced inwardly from the outer walland lying substantially parallel thereto and terminating at its outerend substantially in the plane of juncture of said converging outer walland the outwardly flaring wall, acentrall disd relation to and withinthe second wall and ter minating in spaced relation to the outer endthereof said second wall having an outwardi'. ly flaring outer extremitybeyond the conical ortion, said outer and .second walls and the l,fatterand said conical portion providing /concentric and converging passagesterfor causing said separate fluid bodies to whirl spirally and inopposite directions from said orifices whereby said oppositely whirlingannular films may come into contact with each other at a distance fromthe outer end of the nozzle and break up into a rain spray for complet-ediffusion of the fluid.

2. A sprynozzle comprising outer, inner and intermediate portions spacedapart and providing concentric passages therebetween. said portionshavingopposed, spaced and parallel converging walls defining saidpassages and adapted to concentrate separate streams of fluid passingthrough the nozzle, means for causing said separate streams of Huid towhirl in opposite spiral paths in said passages, the outer extremitiesof said outer and intermediate portions terminating in relatively deepoutwardly beveled ends providing independent flaring orificescommunicating respectively with said converging passages, and theextremity of the in-I termediate ortion extending at least into the plane ofp the inner end of the outer flaring orifice to concentricallyspace apart the spil-ally and oppositely whirling films projected fromthe nozzle, said films being 'adapted for contact and interference withone another -at `a distance from the outer end of the nozzle forbreaking up the oppositely whirling annular films into a rain spray foruniform distribution of the fluid.

Signed by me this 23rd da of Se t., 1921.

PIERRE P JANT NGA.

